Just because someone gets injured again does not mean they came back too soon in any injury. For pitchers, if they don't make an adjustment in mechanics that caused the injury, there is a high probability another injury occurs. They may try to change but if the pitch doesn't move the same or it's not comfortable, they don't change. Buehler talks about this in that article. Only after the second one is he willing to modify his mechanics.
In position players a joint injury may be because they are too loose or muscle injury may be because they were too tight. both could be caused be muscle imbalances.
The player needs to modify the root cause of the injury not just rehab the result. Unfortunately, too many don't carry it through.